The 1972 United States of America one dollar coin, also known as the Eisenhower dollar, holds a unique place in the history of American numismatics. Introduced in 1971, this coin was the first dollar coin issued by the United States since the Peace dollar series ended in 1965. The Eisenhower dollar was minted from 1971 to 1978, with the 1972 coin being one of the most widely circulated and collected among the series.
Design and Specifications
The 1972 Eisenhower dollar features a design that pays homage to the 34th President of the United States, Dwight D. Eisenhower. The obverse (front side) of the coin shows a portrait of Eisenhower, designed by Frank Gasparro, the Chief Engraver of the United States Mint at the time. The reverse (back side) depicts an eagle landing on the moon, symbolizing the Apollo 11 mission, which successfully landed astronauts on the lunar surface in 1969. This design was also created by Gasparro, incorporating elements that reflected the significant achievements of the space program during Eisenhower’s presidency.
The specifications of the 1972 Eisenhower dollar include a diameter of 38.1 mm, a thickness of 2.58 mm, and a weight of 22.68 grams. The coin is made of a copper-nickel clad composition, with an outer layer of 75% copper and 25% nickel bonded to an inner core of 100% copper. This composition was chosen for its durability and resistance to corrosion, ensuring the coin could withstand heavy circulation.
Mintage and Collectibility
The mintage of the 1972 Eisenhower dollar was substantial, with over 129 million coins produced for circulation. Despite the large mintage, the 1972 Eisenhower dollar has become a popular collectible among numismatists. The coin’s condition, rarity, and demand drive its collectibility and value. Coins in uncirculated condition, especially those with high grades (MS-65 or higher), are highly sought after by collectors and can command significant premiums.
| Year | Mintage | Condition | Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1972 | 129,881,800 | Circulated | $1-$5 |
| 1972 | 129,881,800 | Uncirculated (MS-65) | $10-$50 |
| 1972 | 129,881,800 | Proof (PF-65) | $20-$100 |
Historical Context and Significance
The introduction of the Eisenhower dollar in 1971 marked a significant shift in the United States’ approach to circulating dollar coins. Following the cessation of the Peace dollar series in 1965, there was a gap in the availability of dollar coins for circulation. The Eisenhower dollar was introduced not only to honor the late president but also to meet the growing demand for a dollar coin that could be used in vending machines and other automated systems. Although it did not achieve widespread circulation success due to its large size and the preference for paper dollars, the Eisenhower dollar remains a notable piece of American numismatic history.
Evolution of Dollar Coins
The 1972 Eisenhower dollar was part of a broader evolution in the design and production of dollar coins in the United States. Subsequent dollar coin series, such as the Susan B. Anthony dollar introduced in 1979, would follow, each with its own unique design and production challenges. The Eisenhower dollar series paved the way for future dollar coin designs, influencing the development of coins that would better meet the needs of both collectors and the general public.
Key Points
- The 1972 Eisenhower dollar was part of a series minted from 1971 to 1978 to honor President Dwight D. Eisenhower.
- The coin features a unique design with Eisenhower's portrait on the obverse and an eagle landing on the moon on the reverse.
- The mintage of the 1972 Eisenhower dollar was over 129 million, making it widely available but still a popular collectible.
- The value of the coin can vary significantly based on its condition, with uncirculated and proof coins commanding higher premiums.
- The Eisenhower dollar series marks an important chapter in the history of American numismatics, influencing the design and production of subsequent dollar coins.
In conclusion, the 1972 United States of America one dollar coin, or Eisenhower dollar, holds a special place in American numismatic history. Its unique design, significant mintage, and the story behind its creation make it a fascinating piece for both collectors and historians. As with any collectible, understanding the context, condition, and demand for the coin is crucial for appreciating its value and significance.
What is the composition of the 1972 Eisenhower dollar?
+The 1972 Eisenhower dollar is made of a copper-nickel clad composition, with an outer layer of 75% copper and 25% nickel bonded to an inner core of 100% copper.
How many 1972 Eisenhower dollars were minted?
+Over 129 million 1972 Eisenhower dollars were produced for circulation.
What factors affect the value of a 1972 Eisenhower dollar?
+The value of a 1972 Eisenhower dollar can fluctuate based on its condition, rarity, and demand. Coins in uncirculated condition, especially those with high grades, are more valuable than circulated coins.
